Abstract

In the course of this research, an analysis will be conducted of the Islamic teachings in the works of Abai Kunanbayev, based on the monographic work Abai Kunanbayev by M. Auezov, particularly focusing on the statement of Abai regarding the father of Prophet Muhammad. This analysis will be conducted with reference to the main sources of Islamic knowledge, namely the Qur’anic verses and the Hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad. In Abai Kunanbayev’s works, moral education, human values, and spiritual principles occupy a central place. His philosophy and worldview are aimed at the development of human inner world and intellect. Abai often discusses religious knowledge and viewpoints in his works, frequently expressing his views on Islamic principles. Abai’s views on Islam are closely connected with his philosophical thinking system. Furthermore, Abai’s works had a profound influence on the spiritual development of Kazakh society, and his religious understanding and philosophy played an important role in the historical culture and worldview of the Kazakh people. In this regard, Abai’s statement about the father of Prophet Muhammad is significant and relevant. This research will deeply analyze Abai’s views on this matter. Specifically, two interpretations of Abai’s statement «the religion of the father was evaluated in the context of the time» will be discussed. The first interpretation refers to the pre-Islamic Arabian peninsula, where people were deeply immersed in disbelief and the dark calamity of cruelty, a transitional period awaiting the light of faith. The second interpretation refers to the era when the society of his time, with an increase in criminals, robbers, corrupt individuals, lazy people, and slanderers, could not justify such actions.